Avaliação ecocardiográfica da insuficiência mitral em pacientes com cardiomiopatia hipertrófica / Ecocardiographic evaluation of mitral insufficiency in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica é uma doença de origem genética, que afeta milhares de pessoas em todo o mundo.Objetivos: Avaliar a presença de regurgitação mitral em pacientes com cardiomiopatia hipertrófica, bem como sua relação com variáveis ecodopplercardiográficas do ventrículo esquerdo. A disfunção de valva mitral encontradas nesses pacientes mostra-se um dado de extrema relevância, visto que é capaz de predizer a sobrevida e a taxa de mortalidade dos enfermos acometidos pela cardiomiopatia hipertrófica.Métodos: Foram avaliados todos os ecocardiogramas realizados no período de 2006 a 2016 no serviço de ecocardiografia do Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto, sendo o total de 112.930 exames. Foram selecionados aqueles com diagnóstico de cardiomiopatia hipertrófica ou espessura parietal > 15 mm, e incluídos na análise 132 pacientes.Resultados: Regurgitação valvar mitral de grau moderado e importante esteve presente em 25% e 5,3% dos pacientes, respectivamente, sendo que a regurgitação mitral esteve independentemente correlacionada com a forma obstrutiva de cardiomiopatia hipertrófica.Conclusão: A regurgitação mitral é achado frequente em pacientes com cardiomiopatia hipertrófica, no entanto, a insuficiência mitral importante é extremamente incomum e está correlacionada com a forma obstrutiva da doença

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disease that affects thousands of people around the world.Objectives:The present study aims to evaluate the presence of mitral regurgitation in patients with HCM, as well as its relationship with left ventricular Doppler echocardiographic variables. The mitral valve failure found in these patients is an extremely important finding, since it is able to predict the survival and mortality rate of the patients affected by HCM.Materials and Methods: All echocardiograms performed from 2006 to 2016 in the echocardiographic service of Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto were evaluated. A total of 112,930 tests were gathered, of which those with HCM diagnosis or wall thickness >15 mm were selected and 132 patients were included in the analysis.Results: Moderate and major mitral valve regurgitation is present in 25% and 5.3% of the patients, respectively, and MRI is independently correlated with the obstructive form of HCM.Conclusion: Mitral regurgitation is a frequent finding in patients with CMP, however, significant MI is extremely uncommon and is correlated with the obstructive form of the disease

Impact of periodontal disease on late morbimortality (10 years) of pacientes with acute coronary syndrome / Impacto da doença periodontal na morbimortalidade tardia (10 anos) de pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda

Background: It is known that predisposing factors for periodontal disease (PD) and cardiovascular diseases are similar, just as dissemination of oral flora pathogens can induce the development of cardiovascular diseases, which play a direct role on the morbimortality of patients. Objective: To assess the impact of periodontal disease in the presence of acute coronary syndrome on late morbimortality after long-term follow-up of patients (10 years). Methods: The historical prospective study of continuous assessment was based on the evaluation of 345 medical records of patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome, divided into 3 groups: edentulous, with periodontal disease and without periodontal disease. The patients studied were in the ICU, in 2006, with a clinical picture of acute coronary syndrome submitted to invasive stratification with coronary angiography on the basis of clinical indication and were reassessed over the next 10 years. The qualitative variables were compared using the Chi-square test. Long-term mortality was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier curves, quantified with the hazard ratio (HR) and a confidence interval of 95% and compared through Cox regression. P values of less than or equal to 0.05 were regarded as statistically significant. Results: Of the 345 patients, 233 had at least one coronary obstruction greater than or equal to 50%, being the main group for comparison according to the different status of periodontal disease (without periodontal disease, with periodontal disease and edentulous). In his cardiovascular condition, we found a difference in mortality among edentulous patients compared to those free of periodontal disease, with a p = 0.004 and a hazard ratio of 10.496 (95% CI: 4.988-22.089). A is ignificant difference was also noted between edentulous patients and patients with periodontal disease, with a p = 0.0017 and a hazard ratio of 2.512 (95% CI: 1.491-4.234). Conclusion: A significant increase in mortality was found according with the progression of periodontal disease, which justifies its classification as an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, as well as the need for prevention and treatment of oral diseases